Energy Skill Builder
| # | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1 | The Sun. |
| 2 | Photosynthesis. |
| 3 | ATP (adenosine triphosphate). |
| 4 | The mitochondrion. |
| 5 | Chemical energy. |
| 6 | Glycolysis. |
| 7 | Carbon dioxide. |
| 8 | Oxygen. |
| 9 | Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP). |
| 10 | To release usable energy for cell processes in the form of ATP. |
| 11 | To absorb light energy. |
| 12 | Chloroplasts. |
| 13 | All the chemical reactions that happen in a living organism. |
| 14 | Using oxygen. |
| 15 | Not using oxygen. |
| 16 | The cytoplasm. |
| 17 | Because it stores only a small amount of energy and is used quickly by cells. |
| 18 | It powers processes such as movement, growth, active transport, and synthesis of molecules. |
| 19 | Energy. |
| 20 | Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (energy). |
| 21 | They make their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis. |
| 22 | It can be used in respiration, stored as starch, or used to build other substances; one use is respiration. |
| 23 | Plants need respiration to release energy from glucose for cell activities. |
| 24 | Photosynthesis stores energy in glucose, while respiration releases energy from glucose. |
| 25 | They need lots of ATP for movement and contraction. |
| 26 | A type of anaerobic respiration in animal cells that produces lactic acid and releases some energy. |
| 27 | During vigorous exercise when oxygen supply cannot meet demand. |
| 28 | Lactic acid buildup, which can cause fatigue or muscle soreness. |
| 29 | Aerobic respiration releases much more energy than anaerobic respiration. |
| 30 | They act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being used up. |
| 31 | They help control the many reaction steps so energy can be transferred efficiently. |
| 32 | Enzymes usually work faster as temperature rises up to an optimum, but too much heat can denature them. |
| 33 | Higher light intensity can increase the rate of photosynthesis until another factor becomes limiting. |
| 34 | A factor that restricts the rate of a process. |
| 35 | Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, or chlorophyll availability. |
| 36 | To absorb more light for photosynthesis. |
| 37 | Leaves are broad and thin, have many chloroplasts, and contain stomata for gas exchange. |
| 38 | They allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave, supporting photosynthesis. |
| 39 | Stomata may close to conserve water, reducing carbon dioxide intake. |
| 40 | Sunlight is captured by plants, converted to chemical energy in glucose, then passed to herbivores and predators when they eat. |
| 41 | Solar energy from the Sun. |
| 42 | Energy is lost at each level as heat, movement, and waste, so less energy is available upward. |
| 43 | Most is lost to the environment, mainly as heat, and only a small fraction is passed on. |
| 44 | We cannot photosynthesize, so we must get chemical energy from food. |
| 45 | The total mass of living material in an organism or ecosystem. |
| 46 | Biomass contains stored chemical energy in organic molecules. |
| 47 | 200 J. |
| 48 | 15 J. |
| 49 | Energy is used in life processes, lost as heat, lost in waste, and not all parts of an organism are eaten or digested. |
| 50 | Plants capture sunlight by photosynthesis and store it as chemical energy in glucose. That energy moves through food webs when organisms eat plants or other organisms. Cells release the stored energy through respiration to power growth, movement, repair, and other life processes, so sunlight ultimately supports most life on Earth. |