Adult Education • Earth Science • Printable Review and Practice
| # | Answer | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Electricity is the movement of electric charge. | A basic definition of electricity is the flow or movement of charged particles. |
| 2 | b) copper | Copper is a metal and a good conductor of electricity. |
| 3 | a) glass | Glass does not allow electricity to pass through easily, so it is an insulator. |
| 4 | True | Current is the movement of charge through a material. |
| 5 | Possible answers: battery, wall outlet, solar panel, generator | Many sources can provide electrical energy, including batteries and power plants. |
| 6 | A circuit | Electricity needs a closed path, called a circuit, to move from one point to another. |
| 7 | b) battery | The battery supplies electrical energy to the circuit. |
| 8 | Electricity cannot flow because the path is broken. | An open circuit has a gap, so current stops moving. |
| 9 | True | Plastic is an insulator that helps keep electricity inside the wire. |
| 10 | conductor | Conductors let electric charge move through them easily. |
| 11 | insulator | Insulators slow down or stop the movement of electricity. |
| 12 | a) copper | Copper is widely used because it conducts electricity well. |
| 13 | Water can help electricity flow and increase the risk of electric shock. | Wet skin lowers resistance, making shock more likely. |
| 14 | A switch | A switch controls whether current can flow in the circuit. |
| 15 | True | A flashlight contains a power source, wires, a bulb, and a switch. |
| 16 | Electrical energy | Lightning is a natural discharge of electricity in the atmosphere. |
| 17 | Lightning | Lightning is a visible electrical discharge in the atmosphere. |
| 18 | b) stay indoors | Being indoors is safer because it reduces the risk of being struck by lightning. |
| 19 | Possible answers: dim light, slow motor, device turns off, weak sound | When battery power is low, the device may not work at full strength. |
| 20 | open | If the circuit is open, current cannot reach the lamp. |
| 21 | a) rubber | Rubber helps protect the user because it does not conduct electricity well. |
| 22 | To keep electricity from escaping and to protect people from shock. | Insulation surrounds the conductor and reduces safety risks. |
| 23 | True | Most metals allow electric charge to move through them easily. |
| 24 | A closed path or connection, often completed by adding the missing wire or closing the switch. | The circuit must be complete for electricity to flow. |
| 25 | b) solar power | Solar power is renewable because it comes from sunlight, which is naturally replenished. |
| 26 | current | Current is the movement of electric charge through a material. |
| 27 | To keep people and animals safe and reduce the chance of accidental contact. | Placing power lines high helps prevent dangerous contact. |
| 28 | To help direct lightning safely into the ground. | Lightning rods reduce damage by providing a safe path for the electrical discharge. |
| 29 | a) metal spoon | A metal spoon is made of metal, which conducts electricity well. |
| 30 | Open the switch or break the circuit. | Breaking the path stops the flow of current. |
| 31 | The amount of electrical energy available increased. | More energy can make a device work more strongly or quickly. |
| 32 | lightning | Charge separation in storm clouds can produce lightning. |
| 33 | Possible answers: do not use damaged cords, keep cords dry, unplug by holding the plug, keep cords away from water | Safe cord handling helps prevent shock and fire hazards. |
| 34 | False | Water can conduct electricity, especially if it contains dissolved minerals. |
| 35 | b) carry electric current | Wires provide the path for current to move through the circuit. |
| 36 | It shows that a complete circuit is needed for electricity to flow. | A device works when the circuit is closed. |
| 37 | b) It changes motion into electrical energy | Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. |
| 38 | Possible answers: solar energy, geothermal energy, power generation, weather monitoring equipment | Earth science often studies how natural resources and weather relate to energy and electricity. |
| 39 | Possible answers: damaged power lines, a tripped breaker, equipment failure, lightning damage | Storms can damage electrical systems and interrupt the flow of power. |
| 40 | Possible answer: Understanding electricity helps us explain lightning, weather safety, energy use, and how power is produced and delivered. | Electricity connects to weather, natural hazards, and energy systems studied in Earth science. |