Learning Objectives

• Solve simple one-step addition and subtraction word problems within 5.
• Use pictures, fingers, or counters to represent problems.
• Explain how the answer matches the story problem.
• Work independently to complete word problem tasks.

Materials Needed

• Small counters or manipulatives
• Picture cards or story mats
• Crayons or pencils
• Pre-made independent practice worksheet with simple word problems
• Number cards 0-5
• Optional: mini whiteboards and markers

Support

• Use fewer numbers and smaller sets, keeping problems within 3.
• Provide counters, ten frames, or picture support for every problem.
• Read each problem aloud more than once.
• Allow students to answer by pointing, circling, or matching instead of writing full sentences.
• Pair struggling learners with a teacher check-in during independent practice.

Challenge

• Include a few problems with a missing addend using pictures, such as '2 ducks are swimming. Some more join. Now there are 5. How many joined?'
• Ask students to explain their thinking using a complete sentence.
• Offer an extra challenge card to create their own word problem with pictures.
• Use problems that require choosing between add and take away.

Checks for Understanding

• Observe whether students choose the correct action: add or take away.
• Check if students count accurately using objects or pictures.
• Listen for students explaining how they got the answer.
• Review completed independent work for correct responses and use of strategy.

Closure

Students restate the solving steps and share one new thing they learned about word problems. The teacher highlights that good problem solvers read the story, use objects or pictures, and count carefully.